Environmental Research,
and Special Applications
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Quality Electronics for Wildlife, Environmental Research, and Special Applications |
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Telonics' standard line of VHF transmitters have a long history of successful performance on animals in difficult environments. The reliable packaging technology Telonics uses when manufacturing these transmitters greatly contributes to this success. Hermetically sealing the transmitter, battery and interconnects into a single hermetically sealed canister is an approach which virtually eliminates the possibility of moisture penetration into the package - this is the same technology used in the space program for maintaining high performance electronics in harsh environments. Using hermetic packaging technology, there is no problem with moisture penetration after years of deployment unless the canister is completely crushed. Even in difficult environments, such as applications involving marine mammals at great depths, Telonics provides external and internal castings that help prevent such damage. No polymeric packaging technology offers this level of reliability. All of Telonics' standard VHF transmitters are microprocessor-controlled and include various data-gathering capabilities.
How to use this table: The information contained in the following table is provided in a manner to allow comparison of models. To sort by model attributes i.e. weight, CLICK ON THE COLUMN HEADING. To obtain more specific information for a model, CLICK ON THE MODEL NUMBER.
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| Model | Size | Canister Weight (g) | Life @60BPM Std Pow |
Life @60BPM Min Pow |
Transmitter Electronics | Transmitter Options | Species |
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| MOD-205 | 1.7 x 1.3 x 0.7 in 4.31 x 3.3 x 1.77 cm |
58 | 12.3 | 31.5 | MK-8 | MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5 | capybara, deer fawn, dugong, golden monkey, jaguarundi, kinkajou, lemur, opossum, porcupine |
| MOD-210 | 1.7 x 1.3 x 0.7 in 4.31 x 3.3 x 1.77 cm |
75 | 16.4 | 42 | MK-8 | MS6, MA, MS9, MS2, MS4, MS5 | dolphin, raccoon, felids, crab eating fox, spider monkey |
| MOD-225 | 1.7 x 1.3 x 0.7 in 4.31 x 3.3 x 1.77 cm |
85 | 20.6 | 52.5 | MK-8 | MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5 | capuchin monkey, coatimundi, fossa, jackal, mandrill, pangolin, red panda |
| MOD-305 | 1.4 x 1.4 x 1.1 in 3.55 x 3.55 x 2.79 cm |
83 | 12.3 | 31.5 | MK-8 | MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5 | aardwolf, civet, collared anteater, muntijac, ring seal |
| MOD-306 | 1.4 x 1.4 x 1.1 in 3.55 x 3.55 x 2.79 cm |
83 | 7.7 | Not Available | MK-9 | MS6, MS9, MDC | aardwolf, civet, collared anteater, muntijac, ring seal |
| MOD-310 | 1.4 x 1.4 x 1.1 in 3.55 x 3.55 x 2.79 cm |
88 | 16.4 | 42 | MK-8 | MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5 | ocelot, caribou, bighorn sheep, dall sheep |
| MOD-311 | 1.4 x 1.4 x 1.1 in 3.55 x 3.55 x 2.79 cm |
88 | 10.3 | Not Available | MK-9 | MS6, MS9, MDC | ocelot, caribou, bighorn sheep, dall sheep |
| MOD-315 | 1.4 x 1.4 x 1.1 in 3.55 x 3.55 x 2.79 cm |
100 | 20.6 | 52.5 | MK-8 | MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5 | baboon, black spider monkey, bobcat, lesser anteater, maxwell's duiker, red fox |
| MOD-316 | 1.4 x 1.4 x 1.1 in 3.55 x 3.55 x 2.79 cm |
100 | 10.4 | Not Available | MK-9 | MS6, MS9, MDC | baboon, black spider monkey, bobcat, lesser anteater, maxwell's duiker, red fox |
| MOD-335 | 1.4 x 1.4 x 1.1 in 3.55 x 3.55 x 2.79 cm |
105 | 24.7 | 63 | MK-8 | MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5 | caracal, clouded leopard, honey badger, lynx, sand gazelle, wolverine |
| MOD-336 | 1.4 x 1.4 x 1.1 in 3.55 x 3.55 x 2.79 cm |
105 | 12.5 | Not Available | MK-9 | MS6, MS9, MDC | caracal, clouded leopard, honey badger, lynx, sand gazelle, wolverine |
| MOD-400 | 2.4 x 1.5 x 1.3 in 6.09 x 3.81 x 3.3 cm |
175 | 31.8 | 81.2 | MK-8 | MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5 | chamois, coues deer, coyote, giraffe, hartbeest, javelina, mountain lion, sun bear, cheetah |
| MOD-401 | 2.4 x 1.5 x 1.3 in 6.09 x 3.81 x 3.3 cm |
175 | 19.9 | Not Available | MK-9 | MS6, MS9, MDC | chamois, coues deer, coyote, giraffe, hartbeest, javelina, mountain lion, sun bear, cheetah |
| MOD-500 | 2.7 x 2.0 x 1.4 in 6.85 x 5.08 x 3.55 cm |
265 | 75.9 | 75.9 | MK-8 | MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5 | walrus, deer, bighorn, black bear, bison, cougar, wild dog, eland, hyena, moose, lion, okapi, oryx, mountain lion, panda, panther, musk ox |
| MOD-501 | 2.7 x 2.0 x 1.4 in 6.85 x 5.08 x 3.55 cm |
265 | 47.6 | Not Available | MK-9 | MS6, MS9, MDC | walrus, deer, bighorn, black bear, bison, cougar, wild dog, eland, hyena, moose, lion, okapi, oryx, mountain lion, panda, panther, musk ox |
| MOD-550 | 4.1 x 1.5 diam in 10.41 x 3.81 diam cm |
250 | 75.9 | 75.9 | MK-8 | MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5 | manatee, elk |
| MOD-551 | 4.1 x 1.5 diam in 10.41 x 3.81 diam cm |
250 | 47.6 | Not Available | MK-9 | MS6, MS9, MDC | manatee, elk |
| MOD-600 | 3.0 x 2.7 x 1.9 in 7.62 x 6.85 x 4.82 cm |
485 | 151.8 | 388 | MK-8 | MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5 | antelope, bison, brown bear, burro, caribou, eland, elephant, elk, horse, moose, muskox, arabian oryx, takin |
| MOD-601 | 3.0 x 2.7 x 1.9 in 7.62 x 6.85 x 4.82 cm |
485 | 95.3 | Not Available | MK-9 | MS6, MS9, MDC | antelope, bison, brown bear, burro, caribou, eland, elephant, elk, horse, moose, muskox, arabian oryx, takin |
| Mortality-Motion Sensor | ||
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MK8 (microprocessor) Opt. MS6 Mortality-Motion Sensor. Provides "active or alive" or "inactive or dead" pulse period depending on activity state of the study animal. A motion-sensitive switch is incorporated in the unit to detect animal movements. The microprocessor continuously monitors the motion switch to determine when motion occurs. Once per second, the microprocessor increments an "activity counter" if motion was detected during the preceding one-second time period. This "activity counter" keeps a running total of the number of times motion was detected over a user-defined mortality evaluation time (8 sec to 6 days). The active pulse period is maintained as long as the number of switch closures in the mortality evaluation time is greater than the mortality threshold. If the number of switch closures falls below the established threshold, the unit produces the inactive period. A separate resurrection threshold allows the unit to return to the active pulse period if the number of activity counts during the mortality evaluation time exceeds the resurrection threshold. Note: The microprocessor updates the active/inactive pulse period at intervals of 1/16th of the evaluation time. This means that after the "resurrection" threshold criterion is met, there will be a delay of up to 6.25% of the evaluation time before the transmitter reverts to the "active" pulse period. The same is true with the transition between "active" and "inactive" pulse periods. The actual time between cessation of motion and initiation of the "inactive/dead" pulse period can be up to 6.25% longer than the evaluation time. |
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MK9 (microprocessor) Opt. MS6 Mortality-Motion Sensor. Provides "active or alive" or "inactive or dead" pulse period depending on activity state of the study animal. A motion-sensitive switch is incorporated in the unit to detect animal movements. The microprocessor continuously monitors the motion switch to determine when motion occurs. Once per second, the microprocessor increments an "activity counter" if motion was detected during the preceding one-second time period. This "activity counter" keeps a running total of the number of times motion was detected over a user-programmable mortality evaluation time (128 sec to 6 days). The active pulse period is maintained as long as the number of switch closures in the mortality evaluation time is greater than the mortality threshold. If the number of switch closures falls below the established threshold, the unit produces the inactive period. A separate resurrection threshold allows the unit to return to the active pulse period. If the number of activity counts during the evaluation interval exceeds the resurrection threshold, the unit will immediately assume the active pulse period. Notes: The microprocessor updates the "inactive" pulse period at intervals of 1/16th of the evaluation interval. This means that the actual time between cessation of motion and initiation of the "inactive/dead" pulse period could be up to 6.25% longer than the evaluation period. |
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| Activity | ||
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MK8 (microprocessor) Opt. MA Activity Sensor. Varies the pulse period depending on the relative activity level of the animal. A motion-sensitive switch detects animal movements and the microprocessor monitors changes in the state of the switch (open vs. closed). A user-defined evaluation time is established and the number of switch state changes is recorded by the microprocessor. The maximum number of state changes is limited to one per second by the software. The transmitter pulse period varies between two user-defined pulse periods. One pulse period corresponds to "no activity" and the other corresponds to a user-defined "maximum activity level". A graph supplied with the transmitter correlates activity level and pulse period. |
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MK9 (microprocessor) Not available |
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| Tip Switch | ||
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MK8 (microprocessor) Opt. MS9 Tip Switch Sensor. Transmits one of two different pulse rates depending on orientation of the transmitter. Usually designed to switch pulse rates as it passes through an angle of 0° (parallel to horizontal). Other switching angles may be selected with some configurations (factory set within 10°).** Typical uses include monitoring "head up" and "head down" positions. |
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MK9 (microprocessor) Opt. MS9 Tip Switch Sensor. Transmits one of two different pulse rates depending on orientation of transmitter. Usually designed to switch pulse rates as it passes through an angle of 0° (parallel to horizontal). Other switching angles may be selected with some configurations (factory set within 10°).** Typical uses include monitoring "head "up" and "head down" positions. Note: The MK9 transmitter integrates the time spent "head up" vs "head down" with ~0.5sec time constant. If the transmitter position changes rapidly with respect to the integration time constant, the resulting pulse period will be between the "head up" and "head down" pulse period, providing an indication of the average amount of time the transmitter spent in the two positions. |
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| Duty Cycles | ||
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MK8 (microprocessor) Opt. MDC MK8 Duty Cycles. Transmitters can be programmed to cycle through up to eight sequential time periods or "duty cycles" in order to extend transmitter life. Within each duty cycle, the transmitter can either be "on" or "off". Pulse rates can be uniquely defined for each "on" duty cycle. Each duty cycle can be defined from eight seconds to approximately 50 months in length. Duty Cycle timing begins at the moment the magnet is removed to initialize the transmitter. Upon completion of the last programmed Duty Cycle Period, the transmitter begins again at the first duty cycle. |
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MK9 (microprocessor) Opt. MDC MK9 Duty Cycles. Transmitters can be programmed for up to eight sequential time periods or "seasons", generally used to extend transmitter life. During each season, the transmitter may be "enabled" or "disabled". Timing is controlled by a Real-Time-Clock, allowing seasons to start and end on any desired calendar date and time, regardless of when the transmitter is initialized. Once the transmitter enters the last programmed "season", it continues to operate under the last season's parameters for the duration of the transmitter's lifetime. Within each season, the transmitter may be programmed with an on/off "duty cycle" to further extend transmitter lifetime. Each on/off cycle can be defined in one hour increments from 1 hour to 255 hours (about 10.6 days). |
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| Temperature Sensors | ||
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MK8 (microprocessor) Opt. MS4 Temperature Sensor. Monitors body temperature in proximity to the collar on the animal (pulse period varies with temperature). User may define the desired pulse period vs temperature characteristic of the transmitter (contact factory for details). Standard temperature resolution is approximately 0.4°C. Optional high-resolution circuitry provides approximately 0.1° C resolution. The MS4 temperature sensor circuitry provides accurate temperature measurements, even when the transmitter cannot be recovered and recalibrated after period of data collection. This virtually eliminates calibration drifts due to aging and battery voltage changes over time. |
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MK9 (microprocessor) Not available |
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| Temperature-Triggered Mortality Sensor | ||
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MK8 (microprocessor) Opt. MS5 Temperature-Triggered Mortality Sensor. This option determines a mortality event in an endothermic animal with a stable body temperature. Faster (mortality) pulse rate is triggered when body temperature drops below a user specified temperature. Note: Pulse rate is returned to original rate if temperature rises back above the specified temperature. Consideration of the ambient temperature is a consideration in selection of the transition threshold. For example, temperature-controlled sensors would probably not be suitable in areas where high ambient temperatures would prevent rapid cooling of body after death. This option is often used in monitoring waterfowl mortality events where motion sensitive mortality sensors may not be applicable (e.g. where the body may continue to be rocked by waves on the surface of a lake). Available in all implant configurations. Please contact the laboratory to discuss implementation of this sensor before ordering. |
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MK9 (microprocessor) Not available |
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| Field-Programmable Transmitter Parameters | ||
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MK8 (microprocessor) MK8 are factory programmable only. |
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MK9 (microprocessor) Option MK9PCU.
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