Telonics, Inc. Products - VHF, Argos and GPS/Argos Systems for Caribou

Caribou in Greenland. Photo courtesy of Christine Cuyler.

GPS/Argos Systems Argos Only Systems VHF Systems

GPS Store on Board and GPS/Argos Key Features

Lower current consumption provides a 100% increase in operational life or an increase in performance during that same operational time frame.
The newest GPS receiver technology provides faster time to fix.
Up to 24 positions per day can be recovered through Argos by using the innovative paging date protocol.
More flexible programming schedules available to the user.
Single printed wiring board construction and higher integration makes the electronics more rugged and increases reliability in high shock/vibration environments.
uGPSi 20 is supported by a GUI programming interface (TPP) making it possible for user to program their own systems and simulate the performance of the system prior to deployment.
The Telonics Data converter (TDC) provides complete data decoding of Argos DS files and supports complete memory downloading. TDC provides a standard csv output file (comma separated value) with time stamps for all data collected. TDC can be run in the "batch mode" for hands off operation.
TDC allows you to plot GPS fixes and Argos locations with Google Earth.
Various attachment options have been designed specifically for ungulate species

GPS Store on Board and GPS/Argos Models

GPS/Argos

Configuration	Dimensions (in, cm)	Canister Weight (g)	Estimated Collar Weight (g)	1 YR Operational Life	2 YR Operational Life
TGW-4480-3	2.78 x 1.8 x 1.42 7.0 x 4.5 x 3.5	210	416-582	2 hr fix interval / Argos uplink 6 hrs every 5 days	5 hr fix interval / Argos uplink 8 hrs every 12 days
TGW-4583-3	2.9 x 2.3 x 2.0 7.4 x 5.8 x 5.1	340	700-1100	40 min fix interval / Argos uplink 6 hr every 2 days	1 hr 15 min fix interval / Argos uplink 8 hr every 12 days
TGW-4680-3	3.25 x 2.75 x 2.25 8.3 x 7.0 x 5.7	625	1100-1200	20 minute fix interval / Argos uplink 8 hr every day	45 min fix interval / Argos uplink 7 hr every 2 days
TGW-4780-3	2.78 x 1.8 x 1.42 7.0 x 4.5 x 3.5	875	1800-2000	15 min fix interval / Argos uplink 12 hrs every day	40 min fix interval / Argos uplink 6 hrs every day

GPS Store on Board

Configuration	Dimensions (in, cm)	Canister Weight (g)	Estimated Collar Weight (g)	1 YR Operational Life	2 YR Operational Life
TGW-4400-3	2.78 x 1.8 x 1.42 7.0 x 4.5 x 3.5	210	416-582	1 hr 15 min fix interval	3 hr interval
TGW-4500-3	2.9 x 2.3 x 2.0 7.4 x 5.8 x 5.1	340	700-1100	35 minute fix interval	1 hr 5 minute fix interval
TGW-4600-3	3.25 x 2.75 x 2.25 8.3 x 7.0 x 5.7	625	1100-1200	15 minute fix interval	30 minute fix interval
TGW-4700-3	4.25 x 2.7 x 2.3 10.9 x 6.9 x 5.8	875	1800-2000	10 minute fix interval	20 minute fix interval

1. These intervals were calculated on TPP using the following criteria: average environmental temperature of 25°C, expected average time to fix of 90 seconds, Pulse periods; successful GPS fix 1200ms, unsuccessful GPS fix 1000ms.
2. These intervals were calculated on TPP using the following criteria: average environmental temperature of 25°C, expected average time to fix of 90 seconds, Pulse periods; successful GPS fix 1200ms, unsuccessful GPS fix 1000ms, and use scheduled GPS fixes to predict Argos satellite passes.

GPS Store on Board and GPS/Argos Specifications: Electronic and Packaging

GPS Store on Board Systems Show

Timing Accuracy:	Timing is synchronized to GPS time when available. If the GPS time is not then internal timing accuracy is: 6 min/year at 25° C 30 min/yr -20 to +40° C 47 min/yr -40 to +70° C
Available Sensors:	Mortality, Activity, Temperature, Low Voltage
Memory Capacity:	Capable of storing 500K fixes in nonvolatile flash memory in association with other sensor data.
Standby Current:	0µA
Performance:	12 channels -159 dBm tracking sensitivity -145 dBm acquisition sensitivity
Datum:	WGS-84
Time to First Fix (TTFF):	40sec typical (with clear view of sky)
Available Frequency Options:	Option 705 140-154 MHz; Option 707 144-158 MHz; Option 715 154-171 MHz; Option 720 160-177 MHz; Option 740 174-192 MHz; Option 750 191-210 MHz; Option 760 210-237 MHz The MK10 frequency can be programmed in 100Hz steps within a given frequency range.
Frequency Stability:	Better than ±3ppm at room temperature; ±5 ppm total tolerance over full temperature range
Operating Temperature:	-40° to + 70°C (end user must ensure that the power supply/battery can provide the required peak current and voltage)
Pulse Width:	Programmable (10 to 250 msec)
Pulse Period:	Programmable (560 to 5000 msec) 3 separate pulse period values selectable: Period 1 (indicates last GPS fix successful) Period 2 (indicates last GPS fix unsuccessful) Mortality period (if no motion for selected time)
Available Sensors:	Mortality Sensor (parameters are user programmable)
Transmitter Timing:	Programmable seasons and duty cycles.
Power Output:	Programmable Low/Medium/High power. Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) varies, depending on packaging, antenna configuration, and immediate environmental conditions. * California Users: This transmitter meets the California requirement of EIRP <0.009W for all configurations.
Emission Designator:	2k00P0N
Harmonic Suppression:	Better than 30dB (>40 dB typical)
Spurious Emissions:	<-35 dBc at 10kHz offset from carrier
Frequency:	Aging: <1ppm/yr Shock: <1ppm 3000g x 0.3ms x ½ sine x 3 dir
VSWR:	RF output stable to 10:1 VSWR, all phases Radiated harmonic levels are degraded with poor load VSWR. Spurious emission specification maintained for >10:1 VSWR
Programming:	Transmitter parameters programmable via antenna "1-pin" interface and Telonics TPP PC software.
Packing/Housing Specifications:	Electronics are sealed in hermetic metal canisters containing the electronics, batteries, and all interconnects. Glass to metal feed-thru technology is used to exit antennas and power. This packing is hermetic and can be tested utilizing a helium leak bomb test for hermeticity to assure < 1 part in 106 atmospheric CC per second.
GPS Antenna Specifications:	In collar mounted wildlife configurations The GPS antenna is designed to be mounted on the dorsal surface of the neck. The GPS antenna is installed in a high impact nonconductive plastic housing. The form of the housing presents sloping sides so that it will be impervious to chewing and gnawing as is possible. A highly armored antenna cable connects the GPS antenna to the instrument package.
Collar Specifications:	Collar designs are species specific.

GPS/Argos Systems Show

Timing Accuracy:	Timing is synchronized to GPS time when available. If the GPS time is not then internal timing accuracy is: 6 min/year at 25° C 30 min/yr -20 to +40° C 47 min/yr -40 to +70° C
Available Sensors:	Mortality, Activity, Temperature, Low Voltage
Memory Capacity:	Capable of storing 500K fixes in nonvolatile flash memory in association with other sensor data.
Standby Current:	0µA
Performance:	12 channels -159 dBm tracking sensitivity -145 dBm acquisition sensitivity
Datum:	WGS-84
Time to First Fix (TTFF):	40sec typical (with clear view of sky)
RF Output Impedance:	50 Ohms
Operating Frequency:	ARGOS Frequencies 401.6300MHz to 401.6800MHz in 1 kHz Steps Brazilian SCD-1, Channels C1 to C9 401.6180MHz to 401.6220MHz in 500Hz Steps
Frequency Stability:	+/- 0.5 ppm maximum from -30° to +70° C +/- 2.0 ppm maximum from -40° to -30° C
Initial Frequency Error:	+/- 0.5 ppm maximum at +23°, +/- 2° C
Aging:	+/- 2.0 ppm maximum after 1 year
RF Power Out:	Standard Power Version: 400mW (+26dBm) or 500mW (+27dBm) nominal into 50 Ω (User selectable using TPP programming software) High Power Version (H): 800 mW (29 dbm) +/-1db nominal into 50 Ω (User selectable using TPP programming software) Note 1: Transmit current will increase by approximately 10% from the +25° C measurement. Conversely, at -40° C it will decrease by approximately 10% from the +25° C measurement. Note 2: Transmit current and RF power out are sensitive to VSWR. Both can be degraded significantly if the antenna or antenna coax are of poor quality or not correctly tuned and matched to the ARGOS/Brazilian frequency band 50 ohm RF output impedance.
Spurs and Harmonics:	<-40dBc minimum, -60dBc typical (Coherent Spurious) <-50dBc minimum, -60dBc typical (Non-coherent spurious)
Available Frequency Options:	Option 705 140-154 MHz; Option 707 144-158 MHz; Option 715 154-171 MHz; Option 720 160-177 MHz; Option 740 174-192 MHz; Option 750 191-210 MHz; Option 760 210-237 MHz The MK10 frequency can be programmed in 100Hz steps within a given frequency range.
Frequency Stability:	Better than ±3ppm at room temperature; ±5 ppm total tolerance over full temperature range
Operating Temperature:	-40° to + 70°C (end user must ensure that the power supply/battery can provide the required peak current and voltage)
Pulse Width:	Programmable (10 to 250 msec)
Pulse Period:	Programmable (560 to 5000 msec) 3 separate pulse period values selectable: Period 1 (indicates last GPS fix successful) Period 2 (indicates last GPS fix unsuccessful) Mortality period (if no motion for selected time)
Available Sensors:	Mortality Sensor (parameters are user programmable)
Transmitter Timing:	Programmable seasons and duty cycles.
Power Output:	Programmable Low/Medium/High power. Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) varies, depending on packaging, antenna configuration, and immediate environmental conditions. * California Users: This transmitter meets the California requirement of EIRP <0.009W for all configurations.
Emission Designator:	2k00P0N
Harmonic Suppression:	Better than 30dB (>40 dB typical)
Spurious Emissions:	<-35 dBc at 10kHz offset from carrier
Power Supply:	2.5-5.5 Vdc
Peak Transmit Current:	19mA/25mA/34mA (Low/Med/Hi)
Quiescent Current:	<10uA between VHF pulses
Frequency:	Aging: <1ppm/yr Shock: <1ppm 3000g x 0.3ms x ½ sine x 3 dir
VSWR:	RF output stable to 10:1 VSWR, all phases Radiated harmonic levels are degraded with poor load VSWR. Spurious emission specification maintained for >10:1 VSWR
Programming:	Transmitter parameters programmable via antenna "1-pin" interface and Telonics TPP PC software.
Hermetic Metal Canisters:	Electronics are sealed in hermetic metal canisters containing the electronics, batteries, and all interconnects. Glass to metal feed-thru technology is used to exit antennas and power. This packing is hermetic and can be tested utilizing a helium leak bomb test for hermeticity to assure < 1 part in 106 atmospheric CC per second.
Collared Mounted GPS Antenna:	In collar mounted wildlife configurations The GPS antenna is designed to be mounted on the dorsal surface of the neck. The GPS antenna is installed in a high impact nonconductive plastic housing. The form of the housing presents sloping sides so that it will be impervious to chewing and gnawing as is possible. A highly armored antenna cable connects the GPS antenna to the instrument package.
Collared Designs:	Collar designs are species specific.

GPS Manual

Gen 4 GPS User's Manual

GPS Related Products

TDC-GPS Telonics Data Converter

Telonics Data Converter (TDC) converts raw data from Telonics transmitting subsystems into data reports formatted as comma-separated values (CSV). TDC generates report data using standard engineering units and associates it with the time of its acquisition. You can review TDC reports in any spreadsheet program, such as Microsoft Excel, and you can also use your own custom software to process reports electronically. TDC also creates files compatible with Google Earth so that you can map transmitter locations interactively. Telonics Data Converter even maintains a list of your transmitters and their data-conversion settings so you can generate new data reports efficiently throughout your study. TDC supports Telonics' current family of Argos transmitters and newest Gen4 GPS units.

TPP-Argos Telonics Product Programmer

Telonics Product Programmer (TPP) is a powerful software tool for configuring the data-collection parameters of Telonics transmitters. Until now, Telonics has programmed most transmitters in the factory. Telonics customers now have a way to customize their own transmitters quickly and interactively, even prior to delivery of the units. Telonics Product Programmer gives you the ability to modify specific aspects of your transmitter, including transmission intervals and sensor behavior.

TSC-4A Fast/Active Smart Cable

The TSC-4A is a multi-use USB interface cable and features a USB A type computer connector and a male BNC (bayonet style) embedded device connector. The BNC connector allows quick and easy attachment of various embedded device adapters (available separately).

TSC-3 Fast/Active Smart Cable

The TSC-3 is a multi-use serial interface cable and features a DB9 serial computer connector and a male BNC (bayonet style) embedded device connector. The BNC connector allows quick and easy attachment of various embedded device adapters (available separately).

CN008351-001 Adapter

The CN008351-001 test clip adaptor, used in conjunction with a TSC-3 smart cable, was designed to interface various TDC and TPP applications with Argos only: GPS Store on Board, and GPS/Argos transmitter systems on most Windows based PCs. Two alligator clips to female BNC connector.

TSTR-4 Test Receiver

The TSTR-4 provides transmit indication for Argos PTTs (401.650 MHz). Provides both a visual indicator and audio tone with each transmission. Operates on a standard 9 volt battery. Designed specifically for short range (2-3 feet) use with PTT.

GPS/Argos Systems Argos Only Systems VHF Systems

Argos Only Key Features

Flexible Transmission schedules
Data compression is available when utilizing the Argos 31 byte message. Fewer messages and more data through.
Powerful data collection and transfer capabilities allow the units to acquire, queue, and transmit temperature and activity information.
User programmability allows changes in transmission, activity, and temperature schedules as well as Argos ID codes, uplink power levels and Argos frequencies.
All data are Stored on Board (SOB) the unit and can be downloaded upon retrieval.
The Telonics Data converter (TDC) provides complete data decoding of Argos DS files and supports complete memory downloading. TDC provides a standard csv output file (comma separated value) with time stamps for all data collected. TDC can be run in the "batch mode" for hands off operation.
TDC allows you to plot GPS fixes and Argos locations with Google Earth.
Shutdown with a small magnet allows users to turn each of these configurations "on" or "off".
Units can be refurbished to their original condition at the factory.

Argos Only Models

Model	Dimensions (in, cm)	Canister Weight (g)	Estimated Collar Weight (g)	Power Level (mW)	Operational Life (hours)	Temperature Range (°C)	VHF Beacon Onboard
TAW-4210-3	2.78 x 1.8 x 1.42 7.0 x 4.5 x 3.5	210	325-600	500 (Typ)	1152	-40 to +70	Yes
TAW-4313-3	2.9 x 2.3 x 2.0 7.4 x 5.8 x 5.1	340	600-1000	500 (Typ)	3768	-40 to +70	Yes
TAW-4610-3	3.25 x 2.75 x 2.25 8.3 x 7.0 x 5.7	625	1000-1100	500 (Typ)	7152	-40 to +70	Yes

1. Reduced power modules are available with approximately 22% increased life. Contact the lab for more information.
2. Operational life expectancy is based on a continuous series of transmissions of a 4-byte Argos message at a 60-second repetition rate at 25°C.

Specifications: Electronic and Packaging

TAW-4xxx Specifications (Uses the µGPSI-22 System) Show

Timing Accuracy:	Timing is synchronized to GPS time when available. If the GPS time is not then internal timing accuracy is: 6 min/year at 25° C 30 min/yr -20 to +40° C 47 min/yr -40 to +70° C
Available Sensors:	Mortality, Activity, Temperature, Low Voltage
Argos Operating Frequency:	ARGOS Frequencies: 401.6300MHz to 401.6800MHz in 1 kHz Steps Brazilian SCD-1: Channels C1 to C9 401.6180MHz to 401.6220MHz in 500Hz Steps
Argos Frequency Stability:	±0.5 ppm maximum from -30° to +70° C ±2.0 ppm maximum from -40° to -30° C
Argos Initial Frequency Error:	±0.5 ppm maximum at +23°C, ±2° C
Argos Aging:	±2.0 ppm maximum after 1 year
Argos RF Power Out:	Standard Power Version: 400mW (+26dBm) or 500mW (+27dBm) nominal into 50 Ω (User selectable using TPP programming software) High Power Version (H): 800 mW (29 dbm) ±1db nominal into 50 Ω (User selectable using TPP programming software) Note 1: Transmit current will increase by approximately 10% from the +25° C measurement. Conversely, at -40° C it will decrease by approximately 10% from the +25° C measurement. Note 2: Transmit current and RF power out are sensitive to VSWR. Both can be degraded significantly if the antenna or antenna coax are of poor quality or not correctly tuned and matched to the ARGOS/Brazilian frequency band 50 ohm RF output impedance.
Argos Spurs and Harmonics:	<-40dBc minimum, -60dBc typical (Coherent Spurious) <-50dBc minimum, -60dBc typical (Non-coherent spurious)
Available VHF Frequency Options:	Option 705 140-154 MHz; Option 707 144-158 MHz; Option 715 154-171 MHz; Option 720 160-177 MHz; Option 740 174-192 MHz; Option 750 191-210 MHz; Option 760 210-237 MHz The MK10 frequency can be programmed in 100Hz steps within a given frequency range.
VHF Frequency Stability:	Better than ±3ppm at room temperature; ±5 ppm total tolerance over full temperature range
VHF Operating Temperature:	-40° to + 70°C
VHF Pulse Width:	Programmable (10 to 250 msec)
VHF Pulse Period:	Programmable (560 to 5000 msec) Period 1 (normal tracking mode) Inactive period (if no motion for selected time)
Available VHF Sensors:	Mortality Sensor (parameters are user programmable)
VHF Transmitter Timing:	Programmable seasons and duty cycles.
VHF Power Output:	Programmable Medium/High power (measured into 50 Ω load). Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) varies, depending on packaging, antenna configuration, and immediate environmental conditions. * California Users: This transmitter meets the California requirement of EIRP <0.009W for all configurations.
VHF Emission Designator:	2k00P0N
VHF Harmonic Suppression:	Better than 30dB (>40 dB typical)
VHF Spurious Emissions:	<-35 dBc at 10kHz offset from carrier
VHF Frequency:	Aging: <2ppm/yr Shock: <1ppm 3000g x 0.3ms x ½ sine x 3 directions
VHF VSWR:	RF output stable to 10:1 VSWR, all phases Radiated harmonic levels are degraded with poor load VSWR. Spurious emission specification maintained for >10:1 VSWR
VHF Programming:	Transmitter parameters programmable via antenna "1-pin" interface and Telonics TPP PC software.
TAW-4xxx Packing/Housing Specifications:	Electronics are sealed in hermetic metal canisters containing the electronics, batteries, and all interconnects. Glass to metal feed-thru technology is used to exit antennas and power. This packing is hermetic and can be tested utilizing a helium leak bomb test for hermeticity to assure < 1 part in 106 atmospheric CC per second.
TAW-4xxx Collar Designs:	Collar designs are species specific.

Argos Related Products

TDC-GPS Telonics Data Converter

TPP-Argos Telonics Product Programmer

TSC-4A Fast/Active Smart Cable

TSC-3 Fast/Active Smart Cable

CN008351-001 Adapter

TSTR-4 Test Receiver

GPS/Argos Systems Argos Only Systems VHF Systems

VHF Key Features

All MOD configurations have two configurable power levels to accommodate either greater range or greater life
Duty cycling to extend operational life available
Mortality sensing option
Temperature triggered mortality in modes containing the MK-8 electronics
Activity monitoring option in models containing the MK-8 electronics
Field programmability available in units containing the MK-9 electronics
Various attachment options have been designed specifically for caribou

VHF Models

Standard Collar Systems

Model	Dimensions (in, cm)	Canister Weight (g)	Life @60BPM Std Pow (months)	Life @60BPM Min Pow (months)	Transmitter Electronics	Transmitter Options
MOD-315	1.4 x 1.4 x 1.1 3.55 x 3.55 x 2.79	100	20.6	52.5	MK-8	MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5
MOD-316	1.4 x 1.4 x 1.1 3.55 x 3.55 x 2.79	100	10.4	Not Available	MK-9	MS6, MS9, MDC
MOD-400	2.4 x 1.5 x 1.3 6.09 x 3.81 x 3.3	175	31.8	81.2	MK-8	MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5
MOD-401	2.4 x 1.5 x 1.3 6.09 x 3.81 x 3.3	175	19.9	Not Available	MK-9	MS6, MS9, MDC
MOD-500	2.7 x 2.0 x 1.4 6.85 x 5.08 x 3.55	265	75.9	194	MK-8	MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5
MOD-501	2.7 x 2.0 x 1.4 6.85 x 5.08 x 3.55	265	47.6	Not Available	MK-9	MS6, MS9, MDC
MOD-600	3.0 x 2.7 x 1.9 7.62 x 6.85 x 4.82	485	151.8	388	MK-8	MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5
MOD-601	3.0 x 2.7 x 1.9 7.62 x 6.85 x 4.82	485	95.3	Not Available	MK-9	MS6, MS9, MDC

Implantable Systems

Model	Dimensions (in, cm)	Canister Weight (g)	Life @60BPM Std Pow (months)	Life @60BPM Min Pow (months)	Transmitter Electronics	Transmitter Options
IMP-200	2.4 x 0.9 6.1 x 2.3	25	7.5	19.2	MK8	MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5
IMP-325	3.7 x 0.9 9.4 x 2.3	42	15	38.3	MK8	MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5
IMP-400	3.8 x 1.3 9.7 x 3.3	~95	31.8	81.2	MK8	MS6, MA, MS9, MDC, MS4, MS5

*There are more implant configurations that may prove to be better suited to a specific application. To view additional configurations, click here. To view heart rate configurations, click here.

VHF Specifications: Electronic and Packaging

MK8 Transmitter General Specifications Show

The MK8 Transmitter is a single frequency, microprocessor controlled pulsed-CW transmitter, designed for operation in the 140 - 220 MHz frequency range.

Frequency Range

140 - 220 MHz

Frequency Tolerance

±17 ppm max @ 25°C
±25 ppm max -40°lC < Temp < +60°C
(<7ppm typical w/ variation in load impedance - 6:1VSWR)
(<3ppm typical over supply voltage range at room temperature)

Temperature Range

-40°C to +60 °C (Note: Temperature range is for the transmitter only. The power supply must provide the required peak current and voltage requirements for the transmitter over the expected temperature range.)

Shutdown Component

Externally shutdown by presence of a small magnet

Output Power

Output Power Option	Peak Power Output Levels Relative to Standard Power
Low	0.5 x
Standard	1 x
High	2 x
Extra high	5 x

RF Pulse Width

15 msec standard
Can optionally be configured from 12 - 255 msec

Pulse Period

Configurable from 200 - 10000 msec (6-300 Bpm)

Spurious Emissions

Non-coherent Spurs <-50 dBc

Harmonic Suppression

Coherent Spurs <-10 dBc

Available Sensors

Motion (Hg switch - activity/mortality) - options MS6, MA
Position (Hg switch - head up/head down) - option MS9
Temperature Triggered Mortality Sensor - option MS5
Temperature Measurement Sensor - MS4

Option	Resolution at standard center temperature of 37°C	Calibrated Accuracy
MS4-400	0.4 deg	±(0.6°C + cal. uncertainty*) ±20°C from center temperature
MS4-400	0.4 deg	±(0.9°C + cal. uncertainty*) ±40°C from center temperature
MS4-410	0.1 deg	±(0.15°C + cal. uncertainty*) ±10°C from center temperature

*(Note: "Cal. uncertainty" is the error inherent in the calibration procedure. This value is dependant on the end users calibration procedure and equipment accuracy. For example, if the calibration process measures temperature to within ±0.1°C, then the MK8 calibrated accuracy would be:
- For 0.4 deg resolution option
±(0.6deg + 0.1deg) = ±0.7degC (±20°C)
±(0.9deg + 0.1deg) = ±1.0degC (±40°C)

- For 0.1 deg resolution option
±(0.15deg + 0.1deg) = ±0.25degC (±10°C)

Seasonal Timing

8 factory programmable on-off duty cycles - option MDC
Typical timing accuracy of < ± 30 min/yr is reasonable for most applications
Chart reflects known error limits

Temperature (°C)	Error Limits (min/yr)
-40°C	~ -73 to -105 (extrapolated)
-20°C	-25 to -58
0°C	2.6 to -29
25°C	±16
50°C	2.6 to -29
70°C	-25 to -58

FCC Emission Designator

1k00P0N * California Users - The MK8 transmitter exceeds the emission designator requirement of 2k00P0N for operation in California. The MK8's 1k00P0N emission designator is identical to 2k00P0N except that it occupies only half of the 2 kHz bandwidth allowed by the State of California for wildlife tracking.

MK9 Transmitter General Specifications Show

The MK9 Transmitter is a single frequency, microprocessor controlled pulsed-CW transmitter, designed for operation in the 140 - 220 MHz frequency range.

Frequency Range

145-160 MHz, 160-175 MHz, 175-190 MHz, 210-230 MHz
The MK9 can generally be programmed in 10 kHz steps within a given frequency range (e.g. 148.010 - 148.020 MHz). Intermediate steps may be available - contact factory for details.

Frequency Tolerance

Better than ±25 ppm over temperature and voltage range

Temperature Range

-30 to + 50°C (Note: Temperature range is for the transmitter only. The power supply must provide the required peak current and voltage requirements for the transmitter over the expected temperature range.)

Shutdown Component

Externally controllable by presence of a small magnet

Output Power

Programmable standard/ high power (1x/ 2x measured into 100Ω load).

Output Power Option	Peak Power Output Levels Relative to Standard Power
Low	Not Available
Standard	1 x
High	2 x
Extra high	Not Available

RF Pulse Width

Configurable from 15 - 250 msec

Pulse Period

Configurable from 400 - 2000 msec (30-150 Bpm)

Spurious Emissions

<-40 dBc at frequency offset > 10 kHz from carrier

Harmonic Suppression

Better than 30 dB (>40 dB typical)

Available Sensors

Option MS6 - Mortality Sensor (parameters are user programmable)
Option MS9Tip Switch (head up/head down - user programmable)

Seasonal Timing

Option MDC - 8 programmable seasons, 8 programmable on-off duty cycles within each season. Programmable real-time clock control seasons and duty cycles. Programming can be completed at the factory or in the field with the purchase of software. Typical timing accuracy of <± 30 min/yr is reasonable for most applications. Chart reflects known error limits.

Temperature (°C)	Error Limits (min/yr)
-40°C	~ -73 to -105 (extrapolated)
-20°C	-25 to -58
0°C	2.6 to -29
25°C	±16
50°C	2.6 to -29
70°C	-25 to -58

FCC Emission Designator

1k00P0N * California Users - The MK9 transmitter exceeds the emission designator requirement of 2k00P0N for operation in California. The MK9's 1k00P0N emission designator is identical to 2k00P0N except that it occupies only half of the 2 kHz bandwidth allowed by the State of California for wildlife tracking.

VHF Transmitter Sensor Option Descriptions

MK8 Microprocessor Control Sensor Options Show

Opt. MDC MK8 Duty Cycles	Transmitters can be programmed to cycle through up to eight sequential time periods or "duty cycles" in order to extend transmitter life. Within each duty cycle, the transmitter can either be "on" or "off". Pulse rates can be uniquely defined for each "on" duty cycle. Each duty cycle can be defined from eight seconds to approximately 50 months in length. Duty Cycle timing begins at the moment the magnet is removed to initialize the transmitter. Upon completion of the last programmed Duty Cycle Period, the transmitter begins again at the first duty cycle.
Opt. MA Activity Sensor	Varies the pulse period depending on the relative activity level of the animal. A motion-sensitive switch detects animal movements and the microprocessor monitors changes in the state of the switch (open vs. closed). A user-defined evaluation time is established and the number of switch state changes is recorded by the microprocessor. The maximum number of state changes is limited to one per second by the software. The transmitter pulse period varies between two user-defined pulse periods. One pulse period corresponds to "no activity" and the other corresponds to a user-defined "maximum activity level". A graph supplied with the transmitter correlates activity level and pulse period.
Opt. MS4 Temperature Sensor	Monitors body temperature in proximity to the collar on the animal (pulse period varies with temperature). User may define the desired pulse period vs temperature characteristic of the transmitter (contact factory for details). Standard temperature resolution is approximately 0.4°C. Optional high-resolution circuitry provides approximately 0.1° C resolution. The MS4 temperature sensor circuitry provides accurate temperature measurements, even when the transmitter cannot be recovered and recalibrated after period of data collection. This virtually eliminates calibration drifts due to aging and battery voltage changes over time.
Opt. MS5 Temperature-Triggered Mortality Sensor	This option determines a mortality event in an endothermic animal with a stable body temperature. Faster (mortality) pulse rate is triggered when body temperature drops below a user specified temperature. Note: Pulse rate is returned to original rate if temperature rises back above the specified temperature. Consideration of the ambient temperature is a consideration in selection of the transition threshold. For example, temperature-controlled sensors would probably not be suitable in areas where high ambient temperatures would prevent rapid cooling of body after death. This option is often used in monitoring waterfowl mortality events where motion sensitive mortality sensors may not be applicable (e.g. where the body may continue to be rocked by waves on the surface of a lake). Available in all implant configurations. Please contact the laboratory to discuss implementation of this sensor before ordering.
Opt. MS6 Mortality-Motion Sensor	Provides "active or alive" or "inactive or dead" pulse period depending on activity state of the study animal. A motion-sensitive switch is incorporated in the unit to detect animal movements. The microprocessor continuously monitors the motion switch to determine when motion occurs. Once per second, the microprocessor increments an "activity counter" if motion was detected during the preceding one-second time period. This "activity counter" keeps a running total of the number of times motion was detected over a user-defined mortality evaluation time (8 sec to 6 days). The active pulse period is maintained as long as the number of switch closures in the mortality evaluation time is greater than the mortality threshold. If the number of switch closures falls below the established threshold, the unit produces the inactive period. A separate resurrection threshold allows the unit to return to the active pulse period if the number of activity counts during the mortality evaluation time exceeds the resurrection threshold. Note: The microprocessor updates the active/inactive pulse period at intervals of 1/16th of the evaluation time. This means that after the "resurrection" threshold criterion is met, there will be a delay of up to 6.25% of the evaluation time before the transmitter reverts to the "active" pulse period. The same is true with the transition between "active" and "inactive" pulse periods. The actual time between cessation of motion and initiation of the "inactive/dead" pulse period can be up to 6.25% longer than the evaluation time.
Opt. MS9 Tip Switch Sensor	Transmits one of two different pulse rates depending on orientation of the transmitter. Usually designed to switch pulse rates as it passes through an angle of 0° (parallel to horizontal). Other switching angles may be selected with some configurations (factory set within 10°).** Typical uses include monitoring "head up" and "head down" positions.

MK9 Microprocessor Control Sensor Options Show

Opt. MS6 Mortality-Motion Sensor	Provides "active or alive" or "inactive or dead" pulse period depending on activity state of the study animal. A motion-sensitive switch is incorporated in the unit to detect animal movements. The microprocessor continuously monitors the motion switch to determine when motion occurs. Once per second, the microprocessor increments an "activity counter" if motion was detected during the preceding one-second time period. This "activity counter" keeps a running total of the number of times motion was detected over a user-defined mortality evaluation time (8 sec to 6 days). The active pulse period is maintained as long as the number of switch closures in the mortality evaluation time is greater than the mortality threshold. If the number of switch closures falls below the established threshold, the unit produces the inactive period. A separate resurrection threshold allows the unit to return to the active pulse period if the number of activity counts during the mortality evaluation time exceeds the resurrection threshold. Note: The microprocessor updates the active/inactive pulse period at intervals of 1/16th of the evaluation time. This means that after the "resurrection" threshold criterion is met, there will be a delay of up to 6.25% of the evaluation time before the transmitter reverts to the "active" pulse period. The same is true with the transition between "active" and "inactive" pulse periods. The actual time between cessation of motion and initiation of the "inactive/dead" pulse period can be up to 6.25% longer than the evaluation time.
Opt. MS9 Tip Switch Sensor	Transmits one of two different pulse rates depending on orientation of transmitter. Usually designed to switch pulse rates as it passes through an angle of 0° (parallel to horizontal). Other switching angles may be selected with some configurations (factory set within 10°).** Typical uses include monitoring "head "up" and "head down" positions. Note: The MK9 transmitter integrates the time spent "head up" vs "head down" with ~0.5sec time constant. If the transmitter position changes rapidly with respect to the integration time constant, the resulting pulse period will be between the "head up" and "head down" pulse period, providing an indication of the average amount of time the transmitter spent in the two positions.
Opt. MDC MK9 Duty Cycles	Transmitters can be programmed for up to eight sequential time periods or "seasons", generally used to extend transmitter life. During each season, the transmitter may be "enabled" or "disabled". Timing is controlled by a Real-Time-Clock, allowing seasons to start and end on any desired calendar date and time, regardless of when the transmitter is initialized. Once the transmitter enters the last programmed "season", it continues to operate under the last season's parameters for the duration of the transmitter's lifetime. Within each season, the transmitter may be programmed with an on/off "duty cycle" to further extend transmitter lifetime. Each on/off cycle can be defined in one hour increments from 1 hour to 255 hours (about 10.6 days).

MK9 Field-Programmable Transmitter Parameters Show

VHF Manual

VHF Transmitting Subsystem Handling Guide

VHF Related Products

TR-4
TR-5

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Service Commitment

Since 1970, Telonics has built a reputation based on product quality, product support, service, and customer satisfaction. Telonics strives to produce the highest quality products, and to support those products accordingly.

Because of extreme conditions and the unpredictable nature associated with most telemetry applications, problems occasionally arise. Most problems can be resolved quickly. In all cases, we hope to be able to work in partnership with users to resolve problems to the user's satisfaction and to uphold our demonstrated commitment to excellence. If problems should arise, all products must be returned to our factory for failure analysis.

Warranty: GPS/Argos and Argos only Show

Telonics warrants its GPS/Argos and Argos only products to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from the date acquired. Telonics does not warrant batteries.

If a defect occurs, return the equipment to us within the proper time frame at the following address: TELONICS, 932 E. IMPALA AVENUE, MESA AZ USA 85204-6699. The customer shall arrange for and pay all shipping, insurance and related charges incurred in the shipment to and from Telonics under this warranty. Damage to any equipment resulting from misuse, accidents, unauthorized service, extreme conditions, or other causes, is excluded from this warranty. Telonics does not assume responsibility for loss or damage to equipment during shipment. Telonics does not assume responsibility for delays resulting from shipment on commercial or private carriers. We insure all equipment shipped from our facility and suggest that shipments to Telonics also be insured.

Upon the timely return to our facility, if defective, the product will be replaced or repaired at our discretion at no cost to the customer. This remedy is the exclusive remedy. This product is supplied without any further warranties or conditions, expressed or implied, including warranties of merchantability, quality or fitness for particular reason or those arising by laws, statutes or trade usage or course of dealing.

The entire risk, as to the results and performance of the product, is assumed by the customer. Neither Telonics, nor its suppliers, shall have any liability to the customer or any other person or entity for any indirect, incidental, special, or consequential damage whatsoever, regardless whether Telonics has been told of the possibility of such damages or that such damages might be foreseeable. Telonics has no responsibility or liability for the claims of any third party. The maximum aggregate to the customer, of Telonics and its suppliers, shall not exceed the amount paid by the customer for the product.

Warranty: VHF Show

The VHF Transmitting Subsystem includes the following main components: internal digital and radio frequency electronics comprising the transmitter, power supply (battery), exterior packaging, transmitting antenna and attachment. A refurbished Subsystem is warranted as if the Subsystem was purchased new, unless otherwise stated.

Telonics warranties only the following with respect to the Subsystem:
1.1 The internal electronics (excluding batteries) are warranted to be free from defects in materials and workmanship and to perform to the operational specifications over the specified operating temperature range as published by Telonics for the rated operational life of the Subsystem (as recorded on the final test data sheet accompanying the unit), up to a maximum of three (3) years from the date of initial shipment of the Subsystem by Telonics.
1.2 The exterior packaging integrity of hermetically sealed subsystems are warranted for the full operational life of the Subsystem, up to a maximum of three (3) years from the date of initial shipment of the Subsystem by Telonics.
1.3 The exterior packaging integrity of polymerically sealed subsystems are warranted for the operational life of the Subsystem, up to a maximum of one (1) year from the date of initial shipment of the Subsystem by Telonics.

Limitations:
Although each Subsystem is supplied with a power supply in the form of a battery, Telonics does not manufacture batteries (electrochemical cells), and therefore cannot warranty the battery lifespan, mechanical integrity or other battery performance issues. However, Telonics conducts extensive testing of all types of electro-chemical subsystems to determine suitability to the application. Once an electrochemical system is chosen for a configuration, testing procedures are employed at Telonics to evaluate every individual battery that is installed in each transmitting subsystem. Even using these advanced testing procedures it is not possible to determine a specific battery's lifespan or mechanical integrity.

Telonics conducts tests to assure that each unit is transmitting at the power level selected by the user. Actual range performance is a system characteristic dependent upon numerous conditions including receiver sensitivity and noise figure, receiving antenna tuning and pattern, transmitter antenna integrity, line of sight conditions in the field, and vegetation and habitat conditions and other factors specific to individual study sites. Therefore it is not possible to warranty a minimum range that will be achieved for units deployed in the field.

"Packaging integrity" as applicable to 1.2 and 1.3 above, is limited to normal wear as encountered on the animal.

It is the purchaser's obligation to make certain that it orders the correct size and type of Subsystem for the particular type and size of animal that the Subsystem will be applied to, and no warranty is expressed or implied for any failure to meet operational specifications due in whole or in part to use of an incorrect size or type of Subsystem.

No warranty is expressed or implied with regard to abnormal events or damage due to human actions such as gunshot damage, vehicle encounters, etc. Further, no warranty is expressed or implied with regard to damage resulting from misuse, accidents, unauthorized service, extreme conditions, or other causes not specifically enumerated herein.

The entire risk, as to the results and performance of the Subsystem, is assumed by the customer. Neither Telonics, nor its suppliers, shall have any liability to the customer or any other person or entity for any indirect, incidental, special, or consequential damage whatsoever, regardless whether Telonics has been told of the possibility of such damages or that such damages might be foreseeable. Telonics has no responsibility or liability for the claims of any third party. Telonics' and its suppliers' maximum aggregate liability shall not exceed the amount paid by the customer for the Subsystem.

Exercising the Warranty
If a defect occurs, return the Subsystem to Telonics within the applicable time frame noted above at the following address: TELONICS, 932 E. IMPALA AVENUE, MESA AZ USA 85204-6699. Telonics does not assume responsibility for loss or damage to equipment during shipment. Telonics does not assume responsibility for delays resulting from shipment on commercial or private carriers. We insure all equipment shipped from our facility and suggest that shipments to Telonics also be insured. Customer shall arrange for and pay all shipping, insurance and related charges incurred in the shipment of Subsystems to and from Telonics under this warranty.

Upon the timely return to our facility within the applicable time frame noted above, if the exterior packaging integrity and/or internal electronics (excluding batteries) are defective, the Subsystem will be replaced or repaired, at Telonics' sole discretion, at no cost to the customer, other than shipping charges. This remedy is the exclusive remedy. This product is supplied without any further warranties or conditions, expressed or implied, including warranties of merchantability, quality or fitness for particular reason or those arising by laws, statutes or trade usage or course of dealing.

The above warranty extends only to the original purchaser and does not cover any Subsystem which is resold or otherwise transferred from the original purchaser to another party. The warranty will be extended to customers who purchase the Subsystem directly from a Telonics-authorized distributor.